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The concept of New Testament in Christianity

The New Testament refers to the second part of the Christian Bible, containing writings that detail the life, teachings, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, as well as the early Church's development. It includes the Gospels, epistles, and other texts believed to be inspired and authoritative by Christians. Overall, the New Testament emphasizes the new covenant established by Jesus, presenting guidance for Christian beliefs and practices while serving as a continuation of the faith established in the Old Testament.

Synonyms: Christian scriptures, Apostolic writings, Gospel writings, New covenant, Gospels, New testament writings, Gospel, Holy bible

In German: New Testament; In Dutch: Nieuwe Testament; In Finnish: Uusi testamentti; In Spanish: Nuevo Testamento; In Malay: Perjanjian Baru; In Swedish: Nya testamentet; In German: Neues Testament; In French: Le Nouveau Testament

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Christian concept of 'New Testament'

Christianity Books

Significance in Christianity (general):

From: Expositions of Holy Scripture

(1) A text where the name 'Christian' occurs, and where the Apostle Peter specifies the charges brought against Christians, mentioning the charges against them.[1] (2) This is a theory, and is the understanding of Jesus's nature, emphasizing his role as the divine embodiment of humanity and his unique identity.[2] (3) This refers to the declaration of faith in Christ, which is an anticipation of experiencing divine strength and grace.[3] (4) For the New Testament is not a whit behind the Old in insisting upon this truth, as it also emphasizes the conviction that all things work together for good to those who love God.[4] (5) This represents a collection of writings that provide a perspective on death, and its implications, and also offers alternative interpretations of it, suggesting a transformation.[5]

From: A Cyclopedia of Biblical literature

(1) Bethel is not mentioned in this text, but it still existed, as the provided information shows, detailing its history.[6] (2) The only earthquake mentioned in this is that which happened at the crucifixion of the Savior of mankind, and this event is significant.[7] (3) This refers to the book that did not add or alter anything in the accounts in Genesis for the purpose of further development, even by the book.[8] (4) This phrase refers to the part of the Bible where Hebron is not named, indicating a gap in the text's references to the city.[9] (5) This is where the term, which had evolved into a contemptuous designation, is used, both as a simple descriptive term and as a means of expressing disapproval, within its writings.[10]

From: A Dictionary of the Bible (Hastings)

(1) This is the second part of the Christian Bible, containing writings about Jesus and his teachings.[11] (2) New Testament mentions two people with the name Demetrius, including a ringleader in a riot and a disciple commended by St. John.[12] (3) The Sanhedrin is usually referred to in the New Testament as a court of justice, and the terms Presbyterion and Gerousia are also used in reference to it.[13] (4) The writings of the New Testament employ the word in its general force as a synonym for the idea of endless punishment for sinners, in opposition to heaven.[14] (5) The New Testament mentions various denominations of currency, including gold, silver, and copper, with specific examples such as the aureus, denarius, drachm, and didrachm, which provide insight into the monetary system.[15]

From: Bible cyclopedia, critical and expository

(1) This religious text provides insights into the Roman dominion, including instances where the Jews recognized Caesar as the sole king.[16] (2) This refers to a section of religious text, which contains statements of judicial vengeance, as explained in the provided text.[17] (3) The New Testament is where the pure church is clothed with the Sun of righteousness, having the twelve patriarchs and the twelve apostles as her coronet.[18] (4) This collection of writings explicitly attests to the Book of Daniel on various key points, including its predictions, the miracles described, and the appearances of angels.[19] (5) This is the second part of the Christian Bible, where the Devil is mentioned twenty-five times, and Satan is mentioned twenty-five times.[20]

From: The Complete Sayings of Jesus

(1) Referring to the covenant established by Jesus' blood, which offers salvation and remission of sins.[21] (2) A collection of Christian texts that includes the gospels and epistles, which document the life and teachings of Jesus and the early Christian church.[22] (3) The collection of writings in Christianity that includes the teachings and life of Jesus Christ, consisting of 181,253 words and 7,959 verses.[23]

Significance in Early Christian church and writers:
Early Christianity Books

From: Ante-nicene Fathers

(1) New Testament is a part of the texts that Aggaeus, Palut, Barshelama, and Barsamya, and their companions read, and meditated on daily.[24] (2) This term refers to the collection of writings considered sacred by Christians, and its canon is discussed in relation to the text's early date and characteristics.[25] (3) Origen is perpetually engaged in the discussion of various readings of the New Testament, and employs language in describing the then existing state of the text.[26] (4) The apostles were ordained and fitted for the preaching of His word and doctrine, and all things concerning the institutions of the New Testament were regulated.[27] (5) The text refers to the New Testament as being established by the apostle, which is contrasted with the Old Testament.[28]

From: Gospel of Thomas Commentary

(1) The second part of the Christian Bible that focuses on the life and teachings of Jesus and the early Christian church.[29] (2) The second part of the Christian biblical canon, containing teachings and accounts that emphasize the unity of believers and the importance of faith.[30]

Early Christianity (also known as Early Church) refers to the period starting roughly in the 6th century BC up until 325 A.D. during which year the first council of Nicaea was convened. Popular literature includes the writings by the early Church Fathers which forms the basis of later Christian theology.

Significance in Global Christian community:
Catholic Church Books

From: Summa Theologica (English translation)

(1) This sacrament belongs to the New Testament, therefore, the ceremonies of the old are not to be observed, such as the priests and ministers were purified with water when they drew nigh to offer up the sacrifice.[31] (2) The text refers to the justice of this in comparison with the Old Testament, and how the divorced wife marrying again is addressed in it.[32] (3) This is the second part of the Christian Bible, which includes the teachings of Jesus Christ, and where the sacraments are described.[33] (4) This refers to a period where ministers take precedence over Moses, because they are spectators of a fuller revelation, as it is mentioned in the text.[34] (5) The second part of the Christian Bible, which focuses on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ and the early church.[35]

From: The city of God

(1) The New Testament is mentioned in relation to the fulfillment of the promise of God, particularly through the incarnation of Christ, and the seed of Abraham.[36] (2) The Jewish disciples belong to this, whose festival days are so spiritually renewed that they cannot become antiquated, according to the text.[37] (3) This is a part of the Christian Bible that contains the gospel and apostolic epistles, which is considered to have greater intrinsic value.[38] (4) The text mentions the distinction between the Old and New Testaments, implying a division in the presentation of religious ideas.[39] (5) This is a collection of writings that provide direction and a guide to the future inheritance of believers in the world that is to come.[40]

From: Works of St. Anselm

(1) The New Testament is initiated by the God-man and also receives endorsement from the same entity, as confirmed by the text provided within this context.[41]

The Catholic Church is a global Christian community with over a billion members, rooted in the teachings of Jesus Christ. It is led by the Pope and emphasizes the sacraments, particularly the Eucharist. Catholicism is a denomination centered on the teachings thereof. It has a rich theological and cultural heritage.

Significance in Protestantism (Christian movement emphasizing faith and scripture):
Protestantism Books

From: The Existence and Attributes of God

(1) This is a section of the Bible that details the life, teachings, and death of Jesus Christ and is a collection of texts from the early Christian period.[42] (2) This is a time when the worship of God is often expressed by love rather than fear, proceeding from higher principles and acting nobler passions.[43] (3) Refers to the second section of the Christian Bible, which includes teachings and accounts of Jesus Christ and His apostles.[44] (4) The new covenant established by Christ's death and resurrection, offering salvation and confirmation of God's eternal promises to humanity.[45] (5) The subsequent collection of scripture that fulfills the promises made in the Old Testament and documents the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.[46]

From: The Second Helvetic Confession

(1) The text explains that the ministers of the new people are called by various names, including apostles, prophets, evangelists, bishops, elders, pastors, and teachers.[47] (2) This refers to the period after Christ, where the sacraments of the old people have been abrogated and replaced.[48]

Protestantism (or simply the protestant church) is a major branch of Christianity originating from the Reformation in the 16th century, led by figures like Martin Luther. It emphasizes salvation by faith alone and the Bible as the ultimate authority. Variants of Protestantism include Lutheranism, Calvinism, Anglicanism, Methodism and Presbyterianism, each with unique practices but generally united by these core principles.

Significance in Church of the East (or the East Syriac Church):
Church of the East Books

From: The Kebra Nagast

(1) The source that the pictures of events described in the book were taken from, which were from Ethiopic MSS.[49]

From: The Book of the Bee

(1) This is one of the sources, from which the author has gathered blossoms and flowers, to create the work.[50]

The Church of the East emerged in the 5th century and separated from the Roman Empire's state church by adopting Nestorianism. It emphasizes the distinct human and divine natures of Jesus Christ. It is also called the Assyrian Church, Nestorian Church or the East Syriac Church.

Significance in Eastern Orthodoxy (or the Eastern Orthodox Church):
Eastern Orthodoxy Books

From: The Works of Dionysius the Areopagite

(1) The style of the writings is compared to that of this collection of texts, which provides a point of reference for understanding the language and diction used.[51]

Eastern Orthodoxy, or Byzantine Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Christianity. It consists of independently governed churches with strong cultural ties to Eastern and Southeastern Europe. Eastern Orthodox theology focuses on the Holy Trinity: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Believers strive for theosis, or becoming closer to God, through grace and spiritual practices.  

Gnostic concept of 'New Testament'

Gnosticism Books

Significance in Gnosticism (Mystical or Esoteric Christianity):

From: Fragments of a Faith Forgotten

(1) The New Testament is referred to as the canonical selection of the books of the New Covenant, which is generally called this name.[52] (2) The collection of texts central to Christian faith, which Marcion selectively engaged with, accepting ten Letters of Paul and dismissing other writings, reflecting his unique interpretation of Christian doctrine.[53] (3) The second part of the Christian Bible, containing the teachings of Jesus and the writings of his followers, which began to take shape in the second century.[54]

From: The Gnostics and Their Remains

(1) Principles sanctioned by antiquity were transferred from the explanation of the Old Testament to that of the New by the theosophists, according to the provided text.[55]