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Buddhist iconography in and outside India (Study)

by Purabi Gangopadhyay | 2016 | 47,446 words

This essay represents a a comparative study of Buddhist iconography in and outside India, focusing on regions such as China, Korea, and Japan. The study is divided into four chapters, covering: 1. The emergence of Buddhism in India and its spread to other countries; 2. A historical account of Indian Buddhist iconography and the integration of Brahm...

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This Amitabha Mandala is a beautiful piece of sculp= ture carved in relief. The Mandal was made during the 8th Century A.D. Here Amitabha is the central deity in the Mandala. Carved around the central figure are the eight Bodhisattvas including Bodhisattva Akasagarbha, Bodhisattva Samantabhadra,

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f 68 ' Bodhisattva Manjusri, Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha. The names of the Bodhisattvas are inscribed at the back of the Mandara in red ink. In this Mandala each of the nine deities are carved atristically exhibiting minute details. The halo, pedestal and drapery of the figures are elaborately depicted. All the faces appear to contain a feminine look. The whole mandala is decorated with small beautiful floral designs. Four jewelled vases on the four corners of the mandala the mandals and the flowers in these vases are nicely carved. Amitabha sits in padmasana posture. His hands placed oh his lap in Dhyana mudra. Though he wears a priestly robe, the upper portions of his body is partly bare. A special ' feature of the figure is that its nipples are prominently carved. Another characteristic is the absence of the figures of five Buddhas on the Crown, which are generally associated with Amitabha figures. The hand gestures of the eight surrounding deities under discussion are quite different from one other. But all the figures are seated on the lotus seats. � ornaments. Excepting Amitabha all other deities are wearing the similar types of The designs of the necklaces and armlets are very simple. The designs on the outer frame of the mandala also bear the marks of dexterity of the artist.

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69. The design of the halo of Amitabha is also quite different from eight other deities. The height of the relief is 13,6 cm. while its breadth is 12.6 cm. Presently it is now owned by the Kaiho-ji Temple, Kagawa prefecture, Japan. One important figure of Sakyamuni Buddha or Shih-ChiaWen-fo in China is also illustrated here.

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